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CONTENTS OF 48-PAGE BOOKLET:
  •  The Big Picture
  •  Problem Solving and Decision Making
  •  The Decision Making Process
  •  System of Decision Making and Problem Solving
  •  Intuitive Decision Making
  •  Short Formula for Decision Making
  •  Full Model and Formula
  •  Specific Individual “Sciences”


  • STAGES AS APPLIED TO DECISION MAKING:
    1. Curious Observation
    2. Is There a Problem?
    3. Goals and Planning
    4. Search, Explore and Gather the Evidence
    5. Generate Creative & Logical Alternative Solutions
    6. Evaluate the Evidence
    7. Make the Educated Guess (Hypothesis)
    8. Challenge the Hypothesis
    9. Reach a Conclusion
    10. Suspend Judgment
    11. Take Action

    SUPPORTING INGREDIENTS:
    12. Creative, Non-Logical, Logical & Technical Methods
    13. Procedural Principles & Theories
    14. Attributes & Thinking Skills

  •  Group or Team Decision Making
  •  Management Decision Making Technique
  •  Managerial Decision Making
  •  Behavior Decision Making Theory
  •  Accounting for Risks Involved
  •  Decision Making under Uncertainty, Forecasting and Predicting
  •  Miscellaneous Strategies
  •  Opportunities to Use My Non-copyrighted Material
  •  Bibliography
  •  Your Guide and Worksheet


  • Stage 10
    Suspend Judgment as Applied to Decision Making


    Judgment and Decision Making

    This is the stage for final deep mental reflection. The nature of knowledge requires that you possess some humility about the results of your work, even though you are ready to take action. While you have spent a lost of time and effort to reach a final decision, you must now change your attitude and suspend judgment. Do not fall in love with your concluding decision. Watch for other concepts or trains of thought as you implement your decision.

    Dr. Crook's 1958 advice on suspended judgment:

    • Stick to your conclusion until it is proven wrong.
    • Keep an open mind and be ready to accept new evidence.
    • Opinions thought correct today in light of present knowledge may be thought incorrect tomorrow because of new discoveries or projection of new ideas.

    Accounting for Decision Making - the Nature of Science Is to Seek the Truth

    This is often claimed, but it has come to be realized that "the truth" only means as far as it can be ascertained. Professor Gordon Childe (1936) explained that a final conclusion means "on the evidence available today, the balance of probability favors the view that."

    Decision Making Problems - Remember Shades of Gray

    Things are usually not just yes or no, true or false, or good or bad. Wait until you have heard or researched all the data before you reach a conclusion. Don't be misled by the first person's opinion you hear or the first data given to you. Keep an open mind. Remember the shades of gray principle. Things are not exact, but vary in degree of probable exactness.

    Opposite of Open Mindedness

    People with closed minds ignore contrary evidence, possibilities, and may have biases they can't see or overcome. They often can't see shades of gray or understand that the truth is seldom obtainable in complex matters.

    Future Decision Making - Look Beyond this Decision

    You are going to take action on your concluding decision. What happens in the future after this occurs and takes effect? What is the next problem requiring a decision?

    Don't stick with a wrong or faulty decision because of a closed mind. If, after you take action, events occur that indicate it is not entirely or partially correct, take prompt action. Remember, you have suspended judgment and have foreseen possible trouble.

    Decision Making under Uncertainty - Checklist of Possible Troubles after Making Decisions

    Remember Dr. Crook's advice about sticking to your conclusion until proven wrong as you now advance to Stage 11 - Take Action. However, as a help to you in keeping an open mind and to trigger your mind, here is a checklist of things that may occur when making decisions under uncertainty. The probability of their occurring may be low, but the impact could be great. Remember that there is always risk in making progress, so don't let them scare you away from going ahead.

    Change resistance

    Fact versus opinion confused

    Variables not controlled

    Data used not correct

    Too optimistic or pessimistic

    Probability factors wrong

    Lack of contingency planning

    Didn't fit into system

    Biased appraisal of consequences

    No plan for irregular operations

    Didn't keep up with changes

    Poor communications

    No spot testing

    Poor analyses

    No skepticism

    Action avoided

    Faulty design

    Interpretation wrong

    No experimenting

    No screening

    Wrong process used

    Errors or sloppiness

    Inadequate search

    Misjudgments

    Quick fixes fail

    Faulty assumptions

    Misleading information

    Inadequate training

    Irrelevant thinking

    Theft, fraud, or greed

    Misplaced blame

    Not invented here attitude

    Pride, jealousy, ambition

    Nepotism

    Refuse to work together

    Anger or emotional response

    Stress or fear interferes

    Personal consequences

    Denials or lies

    Responsibilities neglected

    Interpersonal conflicts

    Relationships go sour

    Cost/benefit changes

    Product failure

    Crisis mishandled

    Lack of time

    Implementation faulty

    System breakdown

    Hidden errors

    Control problems

    Wrong classifications

    Incomplete reporting

    Change in material cost

    Mechanical or instrument failure

    Short of supplies

    Medical error

    Diseases or wrong diagnosis

    Murders or kidnappings

    Terrorism or explosions

    Competitors' counteractions

    Death of key person

    Legal problems

    Foreign affairs troubles

    Transportation delays

    Unfavorable trends

    Technology problems

    Safety problems

    Company policies or bureaucracy

    Fads occur

    Water problems

    Energy supply or cost

    Bankruptcies or financial problem

    Accident or fire

    Strike or labor problems

    Weather or environmental problems

    Media problems

    Intoxication or drugs

    Public policies

    Religion problems

    Multiple causes

    Math or measurement error

    Social problem